• Nationalism in Europe [France, Germany, Italy, Britain].
• Emergence of nation-states by replacing the multinational dynastic empires of Europe.
• Challenges?
• Painting of Frederic Sorrieu

• French revolution established in 1789
• Sense of collective identity
• The idea of la patrie and la citoyen
• New French flag
• Formation of the national assembly
• New hymns were composed, oaths were taken
• A centralized administrative system was set up
• Internal custom duties and dues were abolished
• Uniform system of weight and measures
• Regional dialects were discouraged and French promoted
• Spread of nationalism

• Civil code of 1804 (Napoleonic Code)
• Napolean
• French armies

• Making of nationalism in Europe
• The aristocracy and the new middle class
• Rich landed aristocracy
• The new middle class

• What did Liberal Nationalism stand for?
• Meaning of Liberal Nationalism in the political sphere and economic sphere.
• What is Zollverein?

• Idea of Nation-states
• Anti-colonial movement

• How did the first world war forge the feeling of nationalism in India?
• Influenza epidemic and famines

• What is Satyagraha?
• First Experiment of the Satyagraha Movement
• Second Experiment of the Satyagraha Movement
• Third Experiment of the Satyagraha Movement

Explanation of various events which are responsible for the following

• The Rowlatt Act
• The Jallianwala Bagh Movement
• The Khilafat Movement

• Why the Non-Cooperation movement?
• How it became a movement?
• Challenges faced during Non-Cooperation Movement

• Introduction about the chapter Age of Industrialisation

• Explained about the dawn of the century and two magician paintings
• Association of modern world with rapid technology
• Debate over these paintings

• Before the industrial revolution
• Industrialisation
• Network of commercial exchange

• Merchants
• Relation between town and countryside
• Decrease in the agricultural sector
• Open fields disappeared problem
• Merchants provided an alternate source of income

• Explained about the coming up of a factory
• Import of cotton
• Invention in production processes

• Topics to be cover in chapter Print Culture and the Modern World

• Explained about the first printed books
• Earliest kind of print technology
• Bureaucratic system
• Emergence of urban culture
•  Shift from hand printing to mechanical printing
• Role of scribes

• Explained about print in Japan
• Buddhist missionaries introduced hand printing technology
• Oldest Japanese book ‘Diamond Sutra’
• Diversified use of print

• Complete explanation about Kitagawa Utamaro’s Ukiyo

• Explained about print comes to Europe
• Silk route
• Marco Polo Italian explorer
• Aristocratic and Rich people prefer book written on expensive vellum
• Merchants and students bought cheaper printed books